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Understanding Ulcers: Symptoms, Causes, and Management

What Are Ulcers? Ulcers are open wounds that form on the skin or inside the body’s hollow organs, causing significant pain and burning sensations. They typically result from reduced blood supply to the affected area. Ulcers appear as open craters, usually round but can become irregular in advanced stages, with corroded skin layers. The center is often the most affected, with destruction of the epidermis, dermis, and fat layer, while the outer edges show less severe damage. The surrounding skin is red, swollen, and tender. Symptoms of Ulcers Red, tender, and swollen skin around the ulcer Pain around the ulcer site Fluid discharge, sometimes with pus Occasional fever if bacterial infection occurs Potential bleeding, ranging from small clots to significant blood loss Types of Ulcers Acute Ulcers : Heal within 12 weeks (3 months). Chronic Ulcers : Take longer than 12 weeks to heal and show ongoing destruction without significant healing progress. Stages of Ulcer Development Initial Stage :

Introduction to Ulcer

What is an Ulcer? An ulcer is a sore on the skin or mucous membrane that results in the destruction of local tissues. It involves the complete destruction of the uppermost layer of the skin, known as the epidermis, and partial destruction of the underlying dermis. In severe cases, the fat layer beneath the dermis may also be affected. Common Sites of Ulcer Formation Ulcers can occur on various parts of the body, but they are most commonly found in the following areas: Lower extremities (legs and feet) Stomach (gastric ulcers) Intestines (intestinal ulcers) Mouth (oral ulcers) Esophagus (esophageal ulcers) Rectum and anal canal (rectal and anal ulcers) How Does an Ulcer Form? Ulcer formation can occur due to a variety of reasons, including: Exposure to extreme environments : Heat, cold, or irritants can damage the skin or mucous membranes. Deprivation of blood and oxygen supply : Lack of movement or constant pressure on a particular part of the skin can impair blood flow and nutri